Figures of speech
2.8 - Small Towns and Rivers
Alliteration
1) Just the other day someone died. Alliteration
- In this line ‘d’ sound is repeated.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
2) In the dreadful silence we wept Alliteration
- In this line ‘w’ sound is repeated.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
3) From the first drop of rain to dry earth Alliteration
- In this line ‘d’ & ‘f’ sounds are repeated.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
4) and mist on the mountaintops, Alliteration
- In this line ‘m’ sound is repeated.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
5) It will walk into the golden east, Alliteration
- In this line ‘w’ sound is repeated.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
6) Life matters, like this. Alliteration
- In this line ‘l’ sound is repeated.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
7) We all want to walk with the gods. Alliteration
- In this line ‘w’ sound is repeated.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
8) The dead are placed pointing west. Alliteration
- In this line ‘p’ sound is repeated.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
Repetition
1) Life and death, life and death,
Repetition
- In this line the words ‘life’ & ‘death’ are repeated.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
2) Like a torrent of grief. Sometimes,
Sometimes, I think it holds its breath
Repetition
- In these lines the words ‘sometimes’ are repeated.
So, this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
Antithesis
1) in summer or winter,
Antithesis
- In this line two opposite words (summer x winter) are used.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
1) Life and death, life and death,
Antithesis
- In this line two opposite words (life x death) are used.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
Personification
1) My hometown lies calmly amidst the trees, Personification
- In this line the word ‘lying calmly’ is the human quality shown in hometown.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
2) Or the wind howling down the gorge. Personification
- In this line the word ‘howling down’ is the human quality shown in wind.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
2) The river has a soul. Personification
- In this line the word ‘soul’ is the human quality shown in river.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
3) A shrine of happy pictures Personification
- In this line the word ‘happy’ is the human quality shown in pictures.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
4) When the soul rises Personification
- In this line the word ‘rises’ is the human quality shown in soul.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
5) In the cool bamboo, Personification
- In this line the word ‘cool’ is the human quality shown in bamboo.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
6) Looking at the sad wreath of tuberoses. Personification
- In this line the word ‘sad’ is the human quality shown in wreath.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
7)The rivers knows Personification
- In this line the word ‘knows’ is the human quality shown in river.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
8) Small towns grow with anxiety
Personification
- In this line ‘growing with anxiety’ is the human quality shown in small towns.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
Hyperbole
Hyperbole
- It is an overstatement.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘imagination.’
2) We all want to walk with the gods.
Hyperbole
- It is an overstatement.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘imagination.’
Transferred Epithet
1) In the dreadful silence we wept
Transferred Epithet
- In this line an epithet (adjective) ‘dreadful’ is transferred from experience to silence.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘association’
2) Looking at the sad wreath of tuberoses.
Transferred Epithet
- In this line an epithet (adjective) ‘sad’ is transferred from person to wreath.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘association’
3) A shrine of happy pictures
Transferred Epithet
- In this line an epithet (adjective) ‘happy’ is transferred from person to pictures.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘association’
4) It will walk into the golden east,
Transferred Epithet
- In this line an epithet (adjective) ‘golden’ is transferred from gold to east.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘association’
5) In the cool bamboo,
Transferred Epithet
- In this line an epithet (adjective) ‘cool’ is transferred from climate to bamboo.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘association’
Metaphor
1) It will walk into the golden east
Metaphor
- In this line the golden east is indirectly compared to heaven.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
2) In the dreadful silence we wept
Metaphor
- In this line dreadful silence is indirectly compared to the curfews.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
3) My hometown lies calmly amidst the trees,
Metaphor
- In this line the trees are indirectly compared to nature.
So, this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.
4) Seeking a land of fish and stars
Metaphor
- In this line the land of fish and stars is indirectly compared to a mythical pure land.
So, this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.
Onomatopoeia
1) Or the wind howling down the gorge.
Onomatopoeia
- In this line the word ‘howling’ brings out the sound by wind.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘sound’.
Inversion
1) In the dreadful silence we wept
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- We wept in the dreadful silence.
- So, this figure of speech based on construction.
2) In the summer it cuts through the land
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- It cuts through the land in the summer.
- So, this figure of speech based on construction.
Simile
1) Like a torrent of grief.
Simile
- In these line ‘the river’ is directly compared to ‘ torrent of grief’.
- So, this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
Figures of speech
2.7 - She Walks in Beauty
Alliteration
1) Of cloudless climes and starry skies; Alliteration
- In this line ‘K’ &‘S’ sounds are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
2) And all that’s best of dark and bright Alliteration
- In this line‘b’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
3) Thus mellowed to that tender light Alliteration
- In this line‘th’ (ð)sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
4) Which heaven to gaudy day denies. Alliteration
- In this line‘d’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
5) Or softly lightens o’er her face; Alliteration
- In this line‘o’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
6) Where thoughts serenely sweet express, Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
7) How pure, how dear their dwelling-place. Alliteration
- In this line‘p’&‘d’ sounds are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
8) So soft, so calm, yet eloquent, Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
Repetition
1) And all that’s best of dark and bright
Repetition
- In this line the word ‘and’ is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
2) Meet in her aspect and her eyes;
Repetition
- In this line the word ‘her’ is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
3) One shade the more, one ray the less,
Repetition
- In this line the word ‘one’ is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
4) How pure, how dear their dwelling-place.
Repetition
- In this line the word ‘how’ is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
5) And on that cheek, and o’er that brow,
Repetition
- In this line the words ‘and & that’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
6) So soft, so calm, yet eloquent
Repetition
- In this line the word ‘so’ is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
7) The smile that win, the tints that glow,
Repetition
- In this line the words ‘the & that’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
Antithesis
1) One shade the more, one ray the less,
Antithesis
- In this line two opposite words (more x less) are used.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
2) And all that’s best of dark and bright
Antithesis
- In this line two opposite words (dark x bright) are used.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
Simile
1) She walks in beauty, like the night
Of cloudless climes and starry skies;
Simile
- In these lines ‘her beauty’ is directly compared with a ‘cloudless starry skies’.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
Personification
1) The smiles that win, the tints that glow, Personification
- In this line the word ‘win’ is the human quality shown in lady’s smile.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
2) Which heaven to gaudy day denies. Personification
- In this line the word ‘denying’ is the human activity shown in day.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
Metaphor
1) Which waves in every raven tress,
Metaphor
- In this line black hair are indirectly compared with raven tress.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
2) Where thoughts serenely sweet express,
how pure, how dear dwelling-place.
Metaphor
- In these lines thoughts & dwelling-place are indirectly compared with people & mind.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
Climax
1) And on that cheek, and o’ver that brow.
So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,
Climax
- In these lines ideas are arranged in ascending order.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast’.
Figures of speech
2.6 - Money
Alliteration
1) For many a false man as a friend Alliteration
- In this line ‘f’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
2) Came knocking all day at my door.
Alliteration
- In this line ‘d’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
3) Because a man is dead; I dared Alliteration
- In this line‘d’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
4) Not speak to let this false world know.
Alliteration
- In this line‘n’ sound is reated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
5) And how their wives do hum
like bees
Alliteration
- In this line‘h’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
6) Poor men, think I, need not
go up
Alliteration
- In this line‘n’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
7) So much as rich men should come down. Alliteration
- In this line‘m’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
8) But now I have no
money, O!
Alliteration
- In this line‘n’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
9) My friends are real, through
very few.
Alliteration
- In this line‘f’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
Repetition
1) When I had money, money, O!
Repetition
- In this line the word ‘money’ is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
Onomatopoeia
1) And how their wives do hum like bees
Onomatopoeia
- In this line the word ‘hum’ brings out the sound by bees.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound’.
Simile
1) Then felt I like a child that holds
Simile
- In this line ‘poet himself’ is directly compared with a ‘child’.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
2) And now their wives do hum like bees
Simile
- In this line ‘humming of wives’ is directly compared with ‘humming of bees’.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
Inversion
1) Then felt I like a child that holds
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- Then I felt like a child that holds.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
2) Much have I thought of life, and seen
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- I have thought much of life and seen.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
3) A trumpet that he must not blow
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- That he must not blow a trumpet.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
4) Because a man is dead; I dared
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- I dared because a man is dead.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
5) Poor men, think I, need not go up
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- I think, poor men, need not go up.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
Antithesis
1) So, when I hear these poor ones laugh,
And see the rich ones coldly frown
Antithesis
- In these lines two opposite words (poor ones x rich ones), (laugh x frown) are used.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
2) Poor men. Think I, need not go up
So much as rich men should come down.
Antithesis
- In these lines two opposite words (poor men x rich men), (up x down) are used.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
3) About their work from morn till night.
Antithesis
- In this line two opposite words (morning x night) are used.
Figures of speech
2.5 - Father Returning Home
Alliteration
1) My father travels the late evening train Alliteration
- In this line‘t’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
2)Standing among silent commuters in the yellow light Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
3) Suburbs slide past his unseeing eyes Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
4) Stained with mud and his bag stuffed with books Alliteration
- In this line‘s & b’ sounds are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
5) Fade homeward through the humid monsoon night. Alliteration
- In this line ‘h’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
6) Like a word dropped from a long sentence. Alliteration
- In this line ‘l’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
7) Crosses the railway line, enters the lane, Alliteration
- In this line ‘l’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
8) Man’s estrangement from a man-made world. Alliteration
- In this line ‘m’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
9) Of nomads entering a subcontinent through a narrow pass. Alliteration
- In this line ‘n’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
Inversion
1) Home again, I see him drinking weak tea,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- I see him drinking weak tea, home again.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
2) Coming out he trembles at the sink,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- He trembles coming out at the sink.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
Simile
1) Like a word dropped form a long sentence
Simile
- In this line ‘getting off the train’ is directly compared with ‘a word dropped from a long sentence’.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
Personification
1) The cold water running over his brown hands, Personification
- In this line the word ‘running’ is the human quality shown in cold water.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
2) Home again, I see him drinking weak tea. Personification
- In this line the word ‘weak’ is the human quality shown in tea.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
Climax
1) He hurries across the length of the grey platform.
Crosses the railway line, enters the lane.
Climax
- In these lines ideas are arranged in ascending order.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast’.
Onomatopoeia
1) Listening to the static on the radio, dreaming.
Onomatopoeia
- In this line the word ‘static’ brings out the sound by the radio.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound’.
Synecdoche
1) I see him drinking weak tea, eating a stale chapati
Synecdoche
- In this line the part ‘stale chapati’ stands for the food. (whole)
- So this figure of speech based on ‘association’
Transferred Epithet
1) Fade homeward through the humid monsoon night’.
Transferred Epithet
- In this line an epithet ( adjective) ‘humid’ is transferred from the weather to the night.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘association’
2) Suburbs slide past his unseeing eyes
Transferred Epithet
- In this line an epithet ( adjective) ‘unseeing’ is transferred from person to eyes.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘association’
3) Home again, I see him drinking weak tea.
Transferred Epithet
- In this line an epithet ( adjective) ‘weak’ is transferred from person to tea.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘association’
FIGURES OF SPEECH
2.4 Have you Earned your Tomorrow
Alliteration
1) This day is almost over, and its toiling time is through; Alliteration
- In this line‘t’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
2) Did you give a cheerful greeting to the friend who came along? Alliteration
- In this line ‘g’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
3) Were you selfish pure and simple as you rushed along the way, Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
4) Or is someone mighty grateful for a deed you did today?
Alliteration
- In this line‘d’ sounds are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
5) Can you say tonight, in parting with the days that’s slipping fast,
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
6) Is a single heart rejoicing over what you did or said;
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
7) Did you waste the day, or lose it, was it well or sorely spent?
Alliteration
- In this line ‘w & s’ sounds are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
8) As you close your eyes in slumber do you think that God would say,
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sounds are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
9) You have earned one more tomorrow by the work you did today?
Alliteration
- In this line‘t’ sounds are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
Interrogation
1) Is anybody happier because you passed his way?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
2) Does anyone remember that you spoke to him today?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
3) Is there anyone to utter now a kindly word of you?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
4) Did you give a cheerful greeting to the friend who came along?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
5) Or a churlish sort of “Howdy” and then vanish in the throng?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
6) Or is someone mighty grateful for a deed you did today?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
7) That you helped a single brother of the many that you passed?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
8) Does a man whose hopes were fading now with courage look ahead?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
9) Did you waste the day, to lose it, was it well or sorely spent?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
10) Did you leave a trail of kindness or a scar of discontent?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
11) You have earned one more tomorrow by the work you did today?
Interrogation
- It is a question without expecting an answer
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
Antithesis
1) That you helped a single brother of the many that you passed?
Antithesis
- In this line two opposite words (single x many) are used.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
Personification
1) Is a single heart rejoicing over what you did or said; Personification
- In this line the word ‘rejoicing’ is the human quality shown in heart.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
FIGURES OF SPEECH
2.3 The Inchcape Rock
Alliteration
1) No stir in the air, no stir in the sea, Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
2) The ship was as still as she could be, Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
3) Without either sign or sound of their shock, Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
4) On a buoy in the storm it floated and swung;
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
5) When the Rock was hid by the surge’s swell,
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
6) The Sun in heaven was shining gay,
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
7) The sea-birds scream’d as they wheel’d round,
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
8) And row me to the Inchcape Rock,
Alliteration
- In this line ‘r’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
9) The boat is lower’d, the boatmen row,
Alliteration
- In this line ‘b’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
10) Sir Ralph bent over from the boat,
Alliteration
- In this line ‘b’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
11) The bubbles rose and burst around;
Alliteration
- In this line ‘b’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
12) He scour’d the seas for many a day;
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
13) He steers his course for Scotland’s shore.
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
14) They cannot see the Sun on high;
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
15) They hear no sound, the swell is strong;
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
16) Till the vessel strikes with a shivering shock,-
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
17) The ship is sinking beneath the tide.
Alliteration
- In this line‘s’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
Antithesis
1) So little they rose, so little they fell,
Antithesis
- In this line two opposite words (rose x fell) are used.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
Personification
1) The ship was as still as she could be, Personification
- In this line the inanimate object ‘ship’ is personified.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
2) They did not move the Inchcape Bell Personification
- In this line the word ‘move’ is the human activity shown in the waves.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
3) The Sun in heaven was shining gay. Personification
- In this line the word ‘gay’ is the human activity shown in the Sun.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
4) He felt the cheering power of spring, Personification
- In this line the word ‘cheering’ is the human quality shown in spring.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Imagination.’
Repetition
1) No stir in the air, no stir in the sea,
Repetition
- In this line the words ‘no, stir, in & the’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
2) So little they rose, so little they fell,
Repetition
- In this line words ‘so, little & they’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
3) It made him whistle, it made him sing;
Repetition
- In this line words ‘it, made & him’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
Metaphor
1) A sound as if with the Inchcape Bell,
Metaphor
- In this line a dreadful sound is indirectly compared with the sound of inchcape bell.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
2) The Devil below was ringing his knell.
Metaphor
- In this line devil ringing is indirectly compared with the rover’s death.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
Inversion
1) Her sails from heaven received no motion,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- Her sails received no motion from heaven.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
2) On a buoy in the storm it floated and swung;
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- It floated and swung on a buoy in the storm
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
3) And over the waves its warning rung.
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- And its warning rung over the waves.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
4) A darker speck on the ocean green.
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- On the ocean green a darker speck.
So this figure of speech based on construction
5) Quoth he,“My men, put out the boat”,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- He quoth,“My men, put out the boat”.
So this figure of speech based on construction
6) And to the Inchcape Rock they go;
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- And they go to the Inchcape Rock.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
7) Down sunk the bell with a gurgling sound.
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- The bell sunk down with a gurgling sound.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
8) At evening it hath died away.
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- It hath died away at evening.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
9) On the deck the Rover takes his stand,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- The Rover takes his stand on the deck.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
10) So dark it is they see no land.
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- It is so dark they see no land.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
11) ‘Now where we are I cannot tell,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- I cannot tell now where we are.
So this figure of speech based on construction
12) One dreadful sound could the Rover hear,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- The Rover could hear one dreadful sound.
So this figure of speech based on construction
Onomatopoeia
1) Down sunk the bell with a gurgling sound.
Onomatopoeia
- In this line the word ‘gurgling’ brings out the sound by bell.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound’.
2) And over the waves its warning rung.
Onomatopoeia
- In this line the word ‘rung’ brings out the sound of bell.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound’.
3) The sea-birds scream’d as they wheel’d round.
Onomatopoeia
- In this line the word ‘scream’d’ brings out the sound by birds.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound’.
Apostrophe
1) O Christ !
Apostrophe
- In this example ‘Christ’ has been directly addressed.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘imagination’.
Simile
1) A sound as if with the Inchcape Bell
Simile
- In this line the sound of sinking ship is directly compared with sound of sinking the Inchcape Bell.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
2.2 INDIAN WEAVER
Alliteration
1) Weavers, weaving at break of day, Alliteration
- In this line ‘w’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
2) Why do you weave a garment so gay? ……. Alliteration
- In this line ‘g’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
3) Blue as the wing of a halcyon wild, Alliteration
- In this line ‘w’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
4) Weavers, weaving at fall of night, Alliteration
- In this line ‘w’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
5) Like the plumes of a peacock, purple and green, Alliteration
- In this line ‘p’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
6) Weavers, weaving solemn and still, Alliteration
- In this line ‘w & s’ sounds are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
Repetition
1) White as a feather and white as a cloud,
Repetition
- In this line the words ‘white & as’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
Simile
1) Blue as the wing of a halcyon wild,
Simile
- In this line the colour of robes is directly compared with the wing of a wild halcyon.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
2) White as a feather and white as a cloud,
Simile
- In this line the colour of shroud is directly compared with the colour of feather and cloud.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
3) Like the plumes of a peacock, purple and green,
Simile
- In this line the colour of marriage-veils is directly compared with the plumes of peacock.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
Inversion
1) Blue as the wing of a halcyon wild,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- The wing of a halcyon wild is blue.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
Metaphor
1) Weavers, weaving at break of day.
Metaphor
- In this line break of day is indirectly compared with childhood.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
2) Weavers, weaving at fall of night,
Metaphor
- In this line fall of night is indirectly compared with adulthood.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘Resemblance.’
XII FIGURES OF SPEECH
2.1 SONG OF THE OPEN ROAD
Alliteration
1) The long brown path before me leading wherever I choose. Alliteration
- In this line ‘l’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
2) Henceforth I whimper no more, postpone no more, need nothing, Alliteration
- In this line ‘n’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
3) Done with indoor complaints, libraries, querulous criticisms, Alliteration
- In this line ‘k’ sound is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘sound.’
Repetition
1) Henceforth I ask not good-fortune, I myself am good-fortune,
Repetition
- In this line the word ‘good-fortune’ is repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
2) Henceforth I whimper no more, postpone no more, need nothing,
Repetition
- In this line the words ‘no & more’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
3) I know they are very well where they are,
Repetition
- In this line the words ‘they & are’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
4) I carry them, men and women, I carry them with me wherever I go,
Repetition
- In this line the words ‘carry & them’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
5) I am fill’d with them, and I will fill them in return.
Repetition
- In this line the words ‘fill & them’ are repeated.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘construction.’
Inversion
1) Afoot and light-hearted I take to the open road,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- I take to the open road afoot and light-hearted.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
2) Healthy, free, the world before me,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- The world before me healthy, free.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
3) The long brown path before me leading wherever I choose.
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- Wherever I choose the long brown path before me leading,
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
4) Strong and content I travel the open road.
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- I travel the open road strong and content.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
5) I know they are very well where they are,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- Where they are I know they are very well,
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
6) Still here I carry my old delicious burdens,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- I carry, still here my old delicious burdens.
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
7) I carry them, men and women, I carry them with me wherever I go,
Inversion
- Element order is changed for poetic impact
- Correct order is –
- Wherever I go, I carry them with me, I carry them, men and women,
- So this figure of speech based on construction.
Paradox
1) Still here I carry my old delicious burdens,
Paradox
- The opposite words ‘delicious and burdens’ have been brought together with the sense of sarcasm..
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
Climax
1) Done with indoor complaints, libraries, querulous criticisms,
Climax
- In this line ideas are arranged in ascending order.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
2) Henceforth I whimper no more, postpone no more, need nothing,
Climax
- In this line ideas are arranged in ascending order.
- So this figure of speech based on ‘difference or contrast.’
WALCHAND COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE, SOLAPUR
2 comments:
Very useful sir.
Nice post. Good information given. Good. This topic on English Grammar also helps a lot.
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